الظفرة أو لحمية العين: متى نراقبها ومتى نحتاج إزالة جراحية؟

English version

Pterygium: When Can It Be Observed and When Is Surgery Considered?

Is a pterygium dangerous?

A pterygium is usually benign rather than a cancerous tumor, but it can cause foreign-body sensation, redness, itch and dryness. Extension onto the cornea can induce astigmatism and blur.

Appearance alone is not always enough. Rapid growth, an irregular mass or recurrent bleeding deserves examination to confirm the diagnosis.

When can it be observed?

If the lesion is away from the visual axis and does not affect vision, periodic review with lubricating drops as needed is reasonable. Limit direct wind and smoke and use wraparound UV-blocking sunglasses.

Lubricants relieve symptoms but do not dissolve the tissue. Anti-inflammatory drops should be prescribed for a defined period when active inflammation is present.

When is surgery considered?

Surgery may be discussed when the pterygium approaches the visual axis, induces astigmatism or visual loss, causes recurrent inflammation despite treatment or creates a significant cosmetic concern after recurrence risk is understood.

Excision is often combined with a conjunctival autograft or another technique intended to lower recurrence. The approach depends on size, location, ocular surface and surgeon experience.

Recovery and recurrence

Redness and surface irritation can last days to weeks after excision, and drops and follow-up are needed. Avoid rubbing the eye and protect it from dust and contaminated water while it heals.

Recurrence is possible even after good surgery, especially with continued UV exposure. UV protection, ocular-surface care and early review of new growth are important.

Red flags

Severe pain, rapid vision loss, thick discharge, a white corneal spot or redness that does not settle can indicate infection or another problem rather than a simple pterygium. Seek assessment instead of adding random drops.

Frequently asked questions

Can drops make a pterygium disappear?

Drops can reduce dryness and inflammation, but they do not remove established tissue on the cornea.

Does every pterygium need surgery?

No. Many small lesions are observed. Surgery is discussed when vision, comfort or appearance is meaningfully affected.

Can a pterygium come back after removal?

Yes. Grafting techniques and UV protection can lower recurrence risk but cannot eliminate it.

Is pterygium caused by phone use?

Phone use can worsen dryness through reduced blinking, but UV exposure, wind and dust are more established pterygium risks.

Medical note: This content is for education and does not replace an ophthalmic examination. Sudden vision loss, severe pain or new flashes require urgent assessment.